A model scald tank was constructed to study the mixing pattern of water in a poultry scalding system. Tank dimensions were approximately 6 m long by 10.5 cm wide with a water depth of 18 cm. Water was vigorously agitated with compressed air delivered through a 1.9-cm polyvinyl chloride pipe on the bottom of the tank. Food coloring was added to the tank at a single point, and water samples were ...

1 Description of the Model We consider a model of a water level control system extended from the one of Alur et al. [1] and our previous paper [4]. In particular, we use this case study to demonstrate the influence which different abstractions of the same continuous stochastic command have. The abstraction of a guarded command with a continuous probability distribution into one with a discrete ...

Water-tank models of meso-scale atmospheric processes often show good qualitative agreement of bulk quantities and flow characteristics and good quantitative agreement of turbulence quantities with field observations. However, it was demonstrated in the first part of this two-part communication that the similarity of velocities of thermally driven upslope flows in atmosphere and water tank is v...

Abstract—Eutrophication of surface water is one of the most widespread environmental problems at present. Large number of pilgrims and tourists visit sacred artificial tank known as “Brahma Sarover” located at Kurukshetra, India to take holy dip and perform religious ceremonies. The sources of pollutants include impurities in feed water, mass bathing, religious offerings and windblown particula...

The water intaking system of a water works usually controlled the rotation rate of water pumps manually according to experiences, with low accuracy rate and poor energy-saving effect in the past. Combining with the system status, this paper brings forward constructing a variable frequency water intaking control system with PLC and inverter as the core, and by means of fuzzy PID control. During ...

Internal melt ice-on-coil tank with built-in horizontal tubes is a kind of ice tank used widely. Its discharge process is effected greatly by density different between ice and water. The existing models developed for internal melt ice-on-coil tank are concentric cylinder models which are applicable to tank with built-in vertical tube or to case when all water in tank is frozen, but is not appli...

Zooplankton populations are spatially heterogeneous in nature and inside ship ballast tanks. Sampling methods should take heterogeneity into account, particularly when estimating quantitative variables such as abundance or concentration. It is particularly important to generate unbiased estimates of zooplankton concentration in ballast water when assessing compliance with new international ball...

Thermal energy storage is an essential component of solar heating systems. A numerical analysis of thermal stratification in hot water storage tanks suitable for solar water heating applications is presented in this paper. Transient, axi-symmetric, turbulent natural convection in fully and partially charged storage tanks for varying Rayleigh Number in the range of 10 to 10 is studied. Mix Numbe...

Nowadays the simplest and effective solutions to most of the control engineering applications are provided by PID controllers. However PID controllers are poorly tuned in practice with most of the tuning is done manually which is difficult and time consuming. This article comes up with new approaches of Fuzzy-IMC to design of PID controller for coupled water tank system at tank-1. The coupled w...